Arthritis (Spine)

Overview

Arthritis refers to inflammation of the joints of the spine, which can lead to pain, stiffness, and limited mobility. The condition can present with different types of arthritis, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. Although it can affect anyone, it is more common in older people. Dr. Irfan Malik at Mspine assisted in combating this condition.

Symptoms of arthritis in the spine

Symptoms of spondylitis can vary depending on the type and severity but often include:

• Chronic pain: persistent pain in the lower back or neck that may radiate to other areas such as the hips or legs.
• Stiffness: Increased stiffness, especially after periods of inactivity or in the morning.
• Limited range of motion: Difficulty bending or twisting the spine.
• Swelling: Inflammation can lead to visible swelling in the back or neck.
• Fatigue: general tiredness and low energy.

When to consult a consultant

If you have chronic back or neck pain that lasts longer than a few weeks, especially if the pain gets worse over time, or if you have difficulty with daily activities, see a healthcare professional. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent further joint damage and improve quality of life.

Causes of arthritis in the spine

The causes of spondylitis can vary depending on the type:

• Osteoarthritis: Often associated with natural wear and tear of cartilage. Risk factors include age, previous injuries, and genetic predisposition.
• Rheumatoid arthritis: An autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the joints, causing inflammation and pain.
• Ankylosing spondylitis: A type of inflammatory arthritis that is more common in younger people and is often associated with the HLA-B27 gene.

Diagnosis of spondylitis

Diagnosing spondylitis usually involves several steps:

• Medical history: Your doctor will review your medical history, including a family history of arthritis and specific symptoms.
• Physical exam: Your doctor will assess your range of motion, strength, and any tender or swollen areas.
• Imaging tests: X-rays or MRIs can be used to show joint damage, inflammation, or other changes in the spine.
• Blood tests: can help rule out other conditions and check for specific markers associated with types of arthritis.

Treatment options for spondylitis

Although there is no cure for arthritis, various treatment options can help manage symptoms and improve function:

• Medicines: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen or naproxen, can help relieve pain and inflammation. In some cases, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) or biologics may be prescribed, especially for inflammatory types such as rheumatoid arthritis.
• Physical therapy: A physical therapist can develop a customized exercise program to improve flexibility, strength, and overall spine health. This may include stretching, strengthening, and posture techniques.
• Lifestyle changes: Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce stress on the spine. Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and good ergonomic practices at work can help manage symptoms.
• Injections: Corticosteroid injections can temporarily relieve pain and inflammation in some joints.
• Surgery: In severe cases where conservative treatment is ineffective, surgical options such as spinal fusion or joint replacement may be considered to relieve pain and restore function.