Ankylosing Spondylitis

Overview

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the spine, causing pain and stiffness. Over time, the inflammation can lead to bone fusion, which causes stiffness in the spine. The disease begins in childhood and is more common in males than females. Dr. Irfan Malik at Mspine gives personalized assistance to get rid of this condition.

Symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis

Symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis can vary in severity and include:

• Chronic low back pain: This type of pain usually starts in the lower back and can radiate into the hips and buttocks. It usually gets worse after a short period, such as standing or lying down, and gets better when you walk.
• Stiffness: People may experience stiffness in their lower back, especially in the morning or after prolonged sitting.
• Decreased flexibility: Over time, the spine's ability to bend or twist can decrease, causing poor posture.
• Fatigue: General tiredness and lack of energy are common.
• Other symptoms: In some cases, AS can cause inflammation of other parts of the eye, such as the eye (called iritis or uveitis), causing pain and sensitivity to light.

When to See a Consultant

If you have back pain or stiffness that persists for more than three months, especially if the pain goes away with exercise but gets worse with rest, it's important to see a doctor. Also, if you have a family history of ankylosing spondylitis or if you have symptoms that interfere with your vision, medical attention is essential.

Causes of ankylosing spondylitis

The exact cause of ankylosing spondylitis is unknown, but genes play an important role. Most people with AS carry the HLA-B27 gene, although not all carriers of this gene develop the disease. Some options include:

• Immune system: A weak immune system can cause inflammation of the spine and joints.
• Environmental factors: Some research suggests that certain diseases or environmental factors may contribute to the development of AS.

The diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis

Symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis usually include:

• Review your medical history: Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, family history, and medical history.
• Physical examination: A comprehensive examination to check the mobility of the spine and painful areas.
• Imaging tests: X-rays or MRIs can help detect changes in the spine and identify joint swelling or damage.
• Blood tests: Testing for the HLA-B27 gene and other inflammatory markers can help make a diagnosis.

Treatment options for ankylosing spondylitis

Although there is no cure for ankylosing spondylitis, treatment aims to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life. The options are:

• Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen or naproxen, are used to reduce pain and inflammation. In more severe cases, doctors may prescribe disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) or steroids, which act on certain parts of the immune system.
• Physical therapy: Regular physical therapy can help maintain good mobility and improve posture. A physical therapist can recommend exercises to strengthen your back and abdominal muscles.
• Exercise: Gentle exercise, such as swimming or walking, can help reduce stiffness and maintain circulation.
• Lifestyle changes: Maintaining a healthy weight, good posture, and regular exercise can help manage symptoms.
• Surgery: In rare cases, surgery may be performed to repair or replace damaged joints or to correct severe spinal deformities.